Which of the following is the definition of health psychology?
a) The study of mental health disorders
b) The study of the relationship between psychological factors and health
c) The study of physical fitness and exercise
d) The study of the effects of nutrition on health
Answer: b) The study of the relationship between psychological factors and health
Which of the following is an example of a psychosomatic illness?
a) Diabetes
b) Asthma
c) Hypertension
d) Irritable bowel syndrome
Answer: d) Irritable bowel syndrome
Which theory suggests that stress arises from the conflict between personal goals and the resources available to achieve them?
a) Social Cognitive Theory
b) Cognitive Dissonance Theory
c) Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
d) Self-Determination Theory
Answer: c) Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
The field of health psychology focuses on the interaction between:
a) Genetics and environment
b) Physical health and mental health
c) Exercise and nutrition
d) Social support and sleep patterns
Answer: b) Physical health and mental health
Which of the following is an example of a health behavior?
a) Brushing teeth daily
b) Watching television
c) Sleeping late
d) Skipping meals
Answer: a) Brushing teeth daily
Which of the following is a primary goal of health psychology?
a) Diagnosing mental disorders
b) Promoting physical fitness
c) Preventing illness and disease
d) Developing new medications
Answer: c) Preventing illness and disease
The concept of self-efficacy, introduced by Albert Bandura, refers to:
a) The belief in one’s ability to successfully accomplish a specific behavior
b) The level of anxiety experienced in social situations
c) The influence of genetics on health outcomes
d) The effect of stress on immune system functioning
Answer: a) The belief in one’s ability to successfully accomplish a specific behavior
Which of the following is an example of a stressor?
a) Engaging in a hobby
b) Going for a walk in nature
c) Experiencing a breakup
d) Having a supportive friend
Answer: c) Experiencing a breakup
The biopsychosocial model of health suggests that health and illness are influenced by:
a) Biological factors only
b) Psychological factors only
c) Social factors only
d) The interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
Answer: d) The interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
What is the main focus of research in health psychology?
a) Developing new medical treatments
b) Studying the impact of social media on mental health
c) Understanding the role of psychological factors in health and illness
d) Investigating the effects of exercise on physical fitness
Answer: c) Understanding the role of psychological factors in health and illness
Which of the following is an example of a stress-buffering factor in health psychology?
a) Lack of social support
b) Poor coping skills
c) High levels of resilience
d) Excessive workload
Answer: c) High levels of resilience
The concept of health belief model suggests that health-related behaviors are influenced by:
a) Genetic predisposition
b) Socioeconomic status
c) Perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers
d) Cultural background
Answer: c) Perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers
Which of the following is an example of a psychophysiological response to stress?
a) Increased heart rate
b) Improved memory
c) Enhanced immune function
d) Decreased blood pressure
Answer: a) Increased heart rate
Which of the following is an example of a maladaptive health behavior?
a) Regular exercise
b) Balanced diet
c) Smoking cigarettes
d) Practicing meditation
Answer: c) Smoking cigarettes
The concept of social support refers to:
a) The availability of healthcare professionals
b) The presence of friends and family who provide assistance and emotional comfort
c) The quality of healthcare services
d) The impact of media on health-related beliefs
Answer: b) The presence of friends and family who provide assistance and emotional comfort
Which of the following is a psychological factor that can influence pain perception?
a) Age
b) Gender
c) Expectations
d) Genetic makeup
Answer: c) Expectations
The study of the effects of psychological factors on the immune system is known as:
a) Psychoneuroimmunology
b) Psychopharmacology
c) Psychosomatic medicine
d) Psychotherapy
Answer: a) Psychoneuroimmunology
Which of the following is an example of a chronic illness?
a) Common cold
b) Broken bone
c) Diabetes
d) Sunburn
Answer: c) Diabetes
Health psychology interventions often focus on promoting:
a) Risky behaviors
b) Unhealthy habits
c) Lifestyle changes
d) Dependency on medications
Answer: c) Lifestyle changes
The concept of “health locus of control” refers to:
a) The belief that health outcomes are solely determined by external factors
b) The belief that health outcomes are solely determined by internal factors
c) The belief that health outcomes are determined by a combination of internal and external factors
d) The belief that health outcomes are determined by luck or chance
Answer: c) The belief that health outcomes are determined by a combination of internal and external factors
Which of the following is an example of a psychosocial factor that can influence health outcomes?
a) Genetics
b) Socioeconomic status
c) Climate
d) Air pollution levels
Answer: b) Socioeconomic status
The process of adjusting to a chronic illness or disability is known as:
a) Coping
b) Resilience
c) Adaptation
d) Self-efficacy
Answer: c) Adaptation
Which of the following is an example of a health promotion behavior?
a) Engaging in regular physical exercise
b) Smoking cigarettes
c) Consuming excessive alcohol
d) Poor sleep hygiene
Answer: a) Engaging in regular physical exercise
The theory of planned behavior suggests that behavioral intentions are influenced by:
a) Genetic factors
b) Personality traits
c) Perceived control, subjective norms, and attitudes
d) Environmental factors
Answer: c) Perceived control, subjective norms, and attitudes
Which of the following is an example of a stress-related psychological disorder?
a) Seasonal allergies
b) Migraine headaches
c) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
d) Osteoporosis
Answer: c) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
The process of actively changing and improving health behaviors is known as:
a) Health promotion
b) Health education
c) Health intervention
d) Health behavior change
Answer: d) Health behavior change
Which of the following is an example of a protective factor in mental health?
a) Chronic stress
b) Social isolation
c) Strong social support network
d) Lack of access to healthcare
Answer: c) Strong social support network
The study of the psychological and behavioral processes in illness prevention and treatment is known as:
a) Clinical psychology
b) Behavioral medicine
c) Neuropsychology
d) Counseling psychology
Answer: b) Behavioral medicine
The concept of “allostatic load” refers to:
a) The accumulation of stress over time and its impact on health
b) The ability to adapt and cope with stressors effectively
c) The presence of chronic illnesses
d) The effects of genetics on health outcomes
Answer: a) The accumulation of stress over time and its impact on health
Which of the following is an example of a health disparity?
a) Equal access to healthcare for all individuals
b) Higher rates of cardiovascular disease among low-income populations
c) Uniform distribution of health resources across different communities
d) Identical health outcomes among diverse racial and ethnic groups
Answer: b) Higher rates of cardiovascular disease among low-income populations
The term “placebo effect” refers to:
a) The therapeutic benefits of medication
b) The psychological and physiological effects of a treatment that is inactive or has no therapeutic value
c) The side effects of medication
d) The interactions between different medications
Answer: b) The psychological and physiological effects of a treatment that is inactive or has no therapeutic value
Which of the following factors contribute to the development of eating disorders?
a) Genetic predisposition, societal pressures, and psychological factors
b) Nutritional deficiencies and sedentary lifestyle
c) Lack of access to healthcare and environmental pollution
d) Sleep disturbances and hormonal imbalances
Answer: a) Genetic predisposition, societal pressures, and psychological factors
The process of adapting and responding to stress is known as:
a) Stress management
b) Stress appraisal
c) Stress response
d) Stress adaptation
Answer: c) Stress response
The field of positive psychology focuses on:
a) Diagnosing mental disorders
b) Promoting mental illness prevention
c) Understanding and promoting well-being, resilience, and positive emotions
d) Developing new psychotherapeutic techniques
Answer: c) Understanding and promoting well-being, resilience, and positive emotions
The “biopsychosocial-spiritual” model of health recognizes the influence of:
a) Biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors on health
b) Biological, psychological, and social factors on health
c) Biological and spiritual factors on health
d) Psychological and social factors on health
Answer: a) Biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors on health
Which of the following is an example of a behavior associated with the “fight-or-flight” response?
a) Increased heart rate and blood pressure
b) Reduced breathing rate
c) Relaxation of muscles
d) Enhanced digestion and nutrient absorption
Answer: a) Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Which of the following is an example of a chronic pain condition?
a) Acute back strain
b) Headache
c) Fibromyalgia
d) Sprained ankle
Answer: c) Fibromyalgia
The term “health literacy” refers to:
a) The ability to read and write about health-related topics
b) The knowledge and skills needed to understand and use health information effectively
c) The level of physical fitness and endurance
d) The ability to communicate effectively with healthcare professionals
Answer: b) The knowledge and skills needed to understand and use health information effectively
The concept of “social determinants of health” refers to:
a) The influence of genetics on health outcomes
b) The impact of socioeconomic and environmental factors on health
c) The availability of healthcare facilities
d) The role of psychological factors in health and illness
Answer: b) The impact of socioeconomic and environmental factors on health
The study of the mind-body connection and its impact on health is known as:
a) Psychophysiology
b) Psychopathology
c) Psychodynamics
d) Psychosomatics
Answer: d) Psychosomatics
The concept of “perceived control” refers to:
a) The belief that one has the ability to influence outcomes and events in their life
b) The belief that health outcomes are determined solely by external factors
c) The belief that health outcomes are determined by luck or chance
d) The belief that one’s actions have no impact on health outcomes
Answer: a) The belief that one has the ability to influence outcomes and events in their life
Which of the following is an example of a health psychology intervention?
a) Prescribing medication for a physical ailment
b) Conducting therapy sessions to address psychological distress
c) Performing surgery to treat a medical condition
d) Administering vaccinations to prevent diseases
Answer: b) Conducting therapy sessions to address psychological distress
The concept of “health-related quality of life” refers to:
a) The number of years a person is expected to live
b) The absence of physical illnesses or diseases
c) The overall well-being and satisfaction with various aspects of life related to health
d) The ability to perform daily activities without difficulty
Answer: c) The overall well-being and satisfaction with various aspects of life related to health
Which of the following factors can influence adherence to medical treatment?
a) Lack of social support
b) High levels of motivation
c) Simplified treatment regimens
d) Lack of access to healthcare facilities
Answer: c) Simplified treatment regimens
The process of providing information and resources to individuals to promote healthier behaviors is known as:
a) Health education
b) Health counseling
c) Health promotion
d) Health screening
Answer: a) Health education
Which of the following is an example of a psychosocial intervention in health psychology?
a) Prescribing medication for a physical ailment
b) Conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression
c) Performing surgery to remove a tumor
d) Administering chemotherapy for cancer treatment
Answer: b) Conducting cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression
The term “allostatic load” refers to:
a) The body’s ability to maintain homeostasis under stress
b) The wear and tear on the body’s systems due to chronic stress
c) The immediate physiological response to stressors
d) The adaptive changes that occur in the body during stress
Answer: b) The wear and tear on the body’s systems due to chronic stress
Which of the following is an example of a health psychology research topic?
a) Studying the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health
b) Developing new surgical techniques
c) Investigating the structure of the brain
d) Analyzing the genetic components of mental disorders
Answer: a) Studying the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health
The process of evaluating and managing psychological factors that contribute to medical conditions is known as:
a) Psychopharmacology
b) Psychopathology
c) Psychophysiology
d) Psychosomatic medicine
Answer: d) Psychosomatic medicine
The concept of “resilience” refers to:
a) The ability to bounce back and adapt in the face of adversity
b) The absence of psychological distress
c) The absence of physical illnesses or diseases
d) The ability to cope with stress through relaxation techniques
Answer: a) The ability to bounce back and adapt in the face of adversity