Indo Pak History MCQs

Who was Masud IV?
a) A prominent ruler of the Ghurid dynasty
b) A famous poet from the Ghurid dynasty
c) A renowned military strategist from the Ghurid dynasty
d) A prominent architect from the Ghurid dynasty
Answer: a) A prominent ruler of the Ghurid dynasty

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When did Masud IV reign as the ruler of the Ghurid dynasty?
a) 12th century
b) 13th century
c) 14th century
d) 15th century
Answer: b) 13th century

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Which region did Masud IV rule over as the Ghurid ruler?
a) Persia (Iran)
b) Afghanistan
c) India
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

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Masud IV is known for his resistance against which invading force?
a) Mongols
b) Turks
c) Arabs
d) Persians
Answer: a) Mongols

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What was the fate of Masud IV after the Ghurid dynasty fell to the Mongols?
a) He was captured and executed
b) He fled to a neighboring kingdom and lived in exile
c) He surrendered and served under the Mongol rulers
d) His fate is unknown
Answer: a) He was captured and executed

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Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols is remembered as a symbol of:
a) Courage and bravery
b) Diplomatic skills
c) Military incompetence
d) Religious fervor
Answer: a) Courage and bravery

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Which famous historical figure was associated with the defeat of Masud IV and the fall of the Ghurid dynasty?
a) Genghis Khan
b) Alexander the Great
c) Timur (Tamerlane)
d) Babur
Answer: a) Genghis Khan

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What was the capital city of the Ghurid dynasty during Masud IV’s reign?
a) Ghazni
b) Herat
c) Kabul
d) Kandahar
Answer: a) Ghazni

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Masud IV’s reign marked the decline and eventual end of the Ghurid dynasty. How long did the Ghurid dynasty rule before its fall?
a) Over 100 years
b) Over 200 years
c) Over 300 years
d) Over 400 years
Answer: b) Over 200 years

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Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols became an inspiration for later generations in their struggles against foreign invasions. Which region did he primarily defend from the Mongols?
a) Central Asia
b) Persia (Iran)
c) South Asia (Indian subcontinent)
d) The Arabian Peninsula
Answer: c) South Asia (Indian subcontinent)

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What was the ethnic background of Masud IV?
a) Persian
b) Turkic
c) Arab
d) Afghan
Answer: b) Turkic

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Masud IV is known for his patronage of which artistic and cultural form?
a) Architecture
b) Painting
c) Poetry
d) Music
Answer: c) Poetry

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Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols primarily took place during which period?
a) The Ilkhanate
b) The Yuan Dynasty
c) The Chagatai Khanate
d) The Golden Horde
Answer: a) The Ilkhanate

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Which major battle is associated with Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols?
a) Battle of Ghazni
b) Battle of Herat
c) Battle of Panjshir
d) Battle of Kabul
Answer: a) Battle of Ghazni

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Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols had a significant impact on the subsequent rise of which empire?
a) Timurid Empire
b) Mughal Empire
c) Safavid Empire
d) Ottoman Empire
Answer: a) Timurid Empire

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What was Masud IV’s title as the ruler of the Ghurid dynasty?
a) Shah
b) Sultan
c) Emir
d) Caliph
Answer: b) Sultan

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Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols was centered around defending the Ghurid territories in present-day:
a) Afghanistan
b) Iran
c) Pakistan
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

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Which city served as a major stronghold for Masud IV during his resistance against the Mongols?
a) Herat
b) Balkh
c) Kandahar
d) Isfahan
Answer: a) Herat

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Masud IV was a member of which dynasty?
a) Ghaznavid dynasty
b) Seljuk dynasty
c) Ghurid dynasty
d) Timurid dynasty
Answer: c) Ghurid dynasty

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Despite his ultimate defeat, Masud IV’s resistance against the Mongols left a lasting impact on the collective memory of which region’s population?
a) Afghanistan
b) Iran
c) Pakistan
d) Central Asia
Answer: a) Afghanistan

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Who was the last Viceroy of British India?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Canning
Answer: b) Lord Mountbatten

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Which event marked the official beginning of British Raj in India?
a) Battle of Plassey
b) Indian Rebellion of 1857
c) Sepoy Mutiny
d) Transfer of Power
Answer: a) Battle of Plassey

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When did the British East India Company establish its first factory in India?
a) 1600
b) 1666
c) 1707
d) 1757
Answer: a) 1600

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Who was the Governor-General of India during the Revolt of 1857?
a) Lord Dalhousie
b) Lord Cornwallis
c) Lord Canning
d) Lord Hastings
Answer: c) Lord Canning

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Which Indian leader founded the Indian National Congress in 1885?
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Dadabhai Naoroji
d) A.O. Hume
Answer: d) A.O. Hume

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What was the purpose of the Government of India Act 1935?
a) To grant independence to India
b) To establish provincial autonomy
c) To abolish the British Raj
d) To divide India into two countries
Answer: b) To establish provincial autonomy

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Who was the first Governor-General of independent India?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Lord Canning
Answer: a) Jawaharlal Nehru

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When did India officially gain independence from British rule?
a) 1945
b) 1947
c) 1950
d) 1955
Answer: b) 1947

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Which infamous event took place in Amritsar in 1919, leading to widespread protests against the British Raj?
a) Jallianwala Bagh massacre
b) Dandi March
c) Chauri Chaura incident
d) Quit India Movement
Answer: a) Jallianwala Bagh massacre

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Who was the leader of the Indian National Army (INA) during World War II?
a) Subhas Chandra Bose
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Jawaharlal Nehru
d) Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: a) Subhas Chandra Bose

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Which British Viceroy is known for the implementation of the Partition of Bengal in 1905?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Canning
Answer: a) Lord Curzon

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The Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 introduced:
a) Separate electorates for Muslims
b) Direct elections for the British Parliament
c) Provincial autonomy in India
d) Introduction of the Indian Civil Service
Answer: c) Provincial autonomy in India

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Who authored the book “The Discovery of India”?
a) Rabindranath Tagore
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Jawaharlal Nehru
d) Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: c) Jawaharlal Nehru

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The Indian National Army (INA) was primarily formed to:
a) Fight against British forces in India
b) Support the Allied forces in World War II
c) Establish a communist revolution in India
d) Promote nonviolent resistance against British rule
Answer: a) Fight against British forces in India

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The Rowlatt Act of 1919 allowed the British government to:
a) Grant independence to India
b) Suppress political dissent and detain individuals without trial
c) Divide India into separate religious states
d) Establish the Indian Civil Service
Answer: b) Suppress political dissent and detain individuals without trial

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Who was the first Indian Governor-General of independent India?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) C. Rajagopalachari
c) Rajendra Prasad
d) Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Answer: b) C. Rajagopalachari

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The Indian National Congress passed the historic Lahore Resolution in 1940, which demanded:
a) Complete independence for India
b) The partition of India into separate Hindu and Muslim states
c) Provincial autonomy within British India
d) The withdrawal of the British Raj from India
Answer: b) The partition of India into separate Hindu and Muslim states

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The Simon Commission, appointed in 1927, was boycotted by the Indian National Congress because:
a) It did not include any Indian members
b) Its recommendations did not address the demand for self-rule
c) It proposed the continuation of British rule in India
d) It focused solely on economic reforms without political reforms
Answer: a) It did not include any Indian members

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Who among the following British Viceroys is associated with the policy of “Divide and Rule”?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Hastings
Answer: a) Lord Curzon

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The Swadeshi Movement, launched during the Indian freedom struggle, aimed to:
a) Promote the use of Indian-made goods and boycott British goods
b) Establish a socialist system in India
c) Encourage religious harmony among different communities
d) Demand immediate and complete independence from British rule
Answer: a) Promote the use of Indian-made goods and boycott British goods

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The Indian National Congress passed the historic resolution of “Purna Swaraj” in which year?
a) 1919
b) 1930
c) 1942
d) 1947
Answer: b) 1930

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The Government of India Act 1919 introduced which significant feature in the governance of India?
a) Separate electorates for Muslims
b) Communal representation in legislatures
c) Dyarchy system in provinces
d) Indian Civil Service reforms
Answer: c) Dyarchy system in provinces

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Who was the first Indian to be elected as the President of the Indian National Congress?
a) Dadabhai Naoroji
b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
c) Jawaharlal Nehru
d) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
Answer: d) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee

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The Poona Pact of 1932 was signed between:
a) Indian National Congress and Muslim League
b) Indian National Congress and the British government
c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi
d) Hindu and Muslim leaders for communal harmony
Answer: c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi

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The Nehru Report of 1928 proposed:
a) Complete independence for India
b) The partition of India into separate Hindu and Muslim states
c) Dominion status for India within the British Empire
d) Abolition of the caste system in India
Answer: c) Dominion status for India within the British Empire

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The British introduced the Vernacular Press Act in 1878 to:
a) Promote the use of vernacular languages in education
b) Encourage the growth of the Indian press
c) Restrict the freedom of the Indian press
d) Establish state-controlled newspapers in India
Answer: c) Restrict the freedom of the Indian press

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Who led the Salt March, also known as the Dandi March, in 1930?
a) Mahatma Gandhi
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Subhas Chandra Bose
d) Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: a) Mahatma Gandhi

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The British Indian Army played a significant role in which world conflict?
a) World War I
b) World War II
c) Cold War
d) Korean War
Answer: b) World War II

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The Indian Independence Act, which provided for the partition of India, was passed in which year?
a) 1945
b) 1947
c) 1949
d) 1950
Answer: b) 1947

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Who was the last British Governor-General of India?
a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Lord Irwin
c) Lord Wavell
d) Lord Linlithgow
Answer: a) Lord Mountbatten

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Who was Ghiyasuddin Balban?
a) A renowned poet of the 12th century
b) A Sufi saint and spiritual leader
c) A powerful ruler of the Delhi Sultanate
d) A famous mathematician and astronomer
Answer: c) A powerful ruler of the Delhi Sultanate

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When did Ghiyasuddin Balban live?
a) 1102-1156
b) 1180-1236
c) 1152-1206
d) 1225-1279
Answer: c) 1152-1206

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Which dynasty did Ghiyasuddin Balban belong to?
a) Chola Dynasty
b) Gupta Dynasty
c) Delhi Sultanate Dynasty
d) Mughal Dynasty
Answer: c) Delhi Sultanate Dynasty

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What was Ghiyasuddin Balban’s original occupation before becoming a ruler?
a) Farmer
b) Soldier
c) Trader
d) Court poet
Answer: b) Soldier

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Ghiyasuddin Balban is known for his strict policies towards:
a) Religious tolerance
b) Cultural exchange
c) Political alliances
d) Nobles and the military
Answer: d) Nobles and the military

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Which title did Ghiyasuddin Balban assume after becoming the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Caliph
b) Sultan
c) Shah
d) Emir
Answer: b) Sultan

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How did Ghiyasuddin Balban strengthen his authority and centralize power during his rule?

a) Through economic reforms and trade agreements
b) By promoting religious tolerance and harmony
c) By suppressing noble and military factions
d) Through diplomatic alliances with neighboring kingdoms
Answer: c) By suppressing noble and military factions

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Which Mongol invader threatened the Delhi Sultanate during Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign?
a) Genghis Khan
b) Tamerlane
c) Kublai Khan
d) Timur
Answer: a) Genghis Khan

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Ghiyasuddin Balban is credited with laying the foundation for which administrative system?
a) Mughal bureaucracy
b) British colonial administration
c) Zamindari system
d) Persianate administration
Answer: d) Persianate administration

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How did Ghiyasuddin Balban pass away?
a) Assassination
b) Natural causes
c) In battle against Mongol invaders
d) In a revolt led by his nobles
Answer: b) Natural causes

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Ghiyasuddin Balban was known for his strong military leadership and successful campaigns against which neighboring kingdom?
a) Bengal Sultanate
b) Kingdom of Vijayanagara
c) Sultanate of Rum
d) Chola Dynasty
Answer: a) Bengal Sultanate

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During Ghiyasuddin Balban’s rule, which social group gained significant influence and power in the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Sufi mystics
b) Hindu priests
c) Buddhist monks
d) Persian scholars
Answer: a) Sufi mystics

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Ghiyasuddin Balban was a patron of art and culture, particularly in which field?
a) Music and dance
b) Architecture and sculpture
c) Poetry and literature
d) Painting and calligraphy
Answer: c) Poetry and literature

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Which architectural marvel was constructed during Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign, symbolizing the might of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Taj Mahal
b) Red Fort
c) Qutub Minar
d) Fatehpur Sikri
Answer: c) Qutub Minar

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Ghiyasuddin Balban is often considered one of the strongest rulers of the Delhi Sultanate after which earlier Sultan?
a) Muhammad bin Tughluq
b) Alauddin Khilji
c) Iltutmish
d) Razia Sultana
Answer: c) Iltutmish

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Which of the following statements about Ghiyasuddin Balban’s administration is true?
a) He implemented a decentralized governance system.
b) He abolished the position of the prime minister.
c) He established a network of spies and informers.
d) He introduced a system of elected officials.
Answer: c) He established a network of spies and informers.

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Ghiyasuddin Balban was a strong proponent of which religion during his reign?
a) Hinduism
b) Buddhism
c) Christianity
d) Islam
Answer: d) Islam

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Which important document did Ghiyasuddin Balban compile to guide the administration and policies of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Balban’s Code of Law
b) Sultanate Constitution
c) Lodi Principles
d) Ain-i-Akbari
Answer: a) Balban’s Code of Law

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign marked a shift in the Delhi Sultanate towards a more centralized form of government inspired by which empire?
a) Ottoman Empire
b) Byzantine Empire
c) Roman Empire
d) Abbasid Caliphate
Answer: b) Byzantine Empire

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s successor as the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate was:
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Muhammad bin Tughluq
c) Jalaluddin Khwarazm Shah
d) Razia Sultana
Answer: c) Jalaluddin Khwarazm Shah

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Which significant event occurred during Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign that posed a threat to the stability of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) The invasion of Timur
b) The First Crusade
c) The Mongol invasions
d) The rise of the Maratha Empire
Answer: c) The Mongol invasions

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Ghiyasuddin Balban implemented a strict hierarchy and protocol at his court. What was the highest position in his court?
a) Prime Minister
b) Chief Justice
c) Grand Vizier
d) Diwan-e-Arz
Answer: c) Grand Vizier

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s policy of ‘blood and iron’ was aimed at:
a) Promoting religious harmony
b) Strengthening trade relations
c) Eliminating internal dissent
d) Expanding territorial boundaries
Answer: c) Eliminating internal dissent

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Which ruler from the Chagatai Khanate challenged Ghiyasuddin Balban’s authority in the northwest region of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Alauddin Khilji
b) Muhammad bin Tughluq
c) Jalaluddin Khwarazm Shah
d) Balakrishna Khyber
Answer: c) Jalaluddin Khwarazm Shah

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Ghiyasuddin Balban introduced a system called ‘Sijda and Paibos’ to emphasize:
a) Social equality
b) Religious freedom
c) Military discipline
d) Loyalty to the ruler
Answer: d) Loyalty to the ruler

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What was Ghiyasuddin Balban’s response to the rebellions and revolts that occurred during his reign?
a) He granted amnesty to the rebels.
b) He implemented democratic reforms.
c) He suppressed the revolts with force.
d) He negotiated peaceful resolutions.
Answer: c) He suppressed the revolts with force.

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Ghiyasuddin Balban was known for his administrative reforms. Which administrative institution did he establish to maintain law and order?
a) Diwan-e-Khairat
b) Diwan-e-Riyasat
c) Diwan-e-Insha
d) Diwan-e-Mustakhraj
Answer: b) Diwan-e-Riyasat

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Ghiyasuddin Balban is often credited with successfully defending the Delhi Sultanate against which invader?
a) Alexander the Great
b) Mahmud of Ghazni
c) Nadir Shah
d) Timur
Answer: d) Timur

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s rule marked a significant shift in the Delhi Sultanate’s foreign policy towards which region?
a) Southeast Asia
b) Central Asia
c) East Africa
d) Europe
Answer: b) Central Asia

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign is considered a period of:
a) Cultural Renaissance
b) Economic Decline
c) Political Instability
d) Military Expansion
Answer: c) Political Instability

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Ghiyasuddin Balban implemented a system called ‘Mukataba’ to regulate:
a) Agricultural taxation
b) Religious practices
c) Trade and commerce
d) Slavery and manumission
Answer: d) Slavery and manumission

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Which of the following titles did Ghiyasuddin Balban NOT assume during his reign?
a) Malik
b) Sultan-ul-Mujahidin
c) Amir-ul-Umara
d) Zill-i-Ilahi
Answer: d) Zill-i-Ilahi

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s military reforms focused on strengthening which aspect of the armed forces?
a) Cavalry
b) Archery
c) Infantry
d) Siege warfare
Answer: a) Cavalry

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign is often described as a period of:
a) Scientific advancements
b) Religious tolerance
c) Administrative centralization
d) Cultural diversity
Answer: c) Administrative centralization

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s policy of ‘kingship is both a gift and a trust’ emphasized the ruler’s responsibility towards:
a) Religious leaders
b) Foreign allies
c) Common people
d) Nobility and aristocracy
Answer: c) Common people

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Which influential Persian poet and philosopher served as Ghiyasuddin Balban’s court poet?
a) Rumi
b) Omar Khayyam
c) Hafez
d) Amir Khusrow
Answer: d) Amir Khusrow

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Ghiyasuddin Balban implemented a system of coinage reforms to:
a) Promote international trade
b) Control inflation
c) Encourage barter system
d) Standardize weights and measures
Answer: b) Control inflation

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s policies aimed at reducing the influence of which group within the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Sufi mystics
b) Hindu merchants
c) Turkish nobles
d) Persian scholars
Answer: c) Turkish nobles

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s son, Prince Muhammad, was appointed as the governor of which important province of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Bengal
b) Gujarat
c) Kashmir
d) Punjab
Answer: a) Bengal

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Ghiyasuddin Balban’s reign witnessed the emergence of which new threat to the Delhi Sultanate’s authority in the southern region?
a) Maratha Empire
b) Vijayanagara Empire
c) Chola Dynasty
d) Bahmani Sultanate
Answer: d) Bahmani Sultanate

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What was the reign period of Alamgir II?
a) 1754-1759
b) 1658-1707
c) 1526-1530
d) 1556-1605
Answer: a) 1754-1759

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Which number Mughal emperor was Alamgir II?
a) Thirteenth
b) Fourteenth
c) Fifteenth
d) Sixteenth
Answer: b) Fourteenth

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Who was the father of Alamgir II?
a) Bahadur Shah I
b) Aurangzeb
c) Muhammad Shah
d) Shah Jahan
Answer: c) Muhammad Shah

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During Alamgir II’s reign, which foreign power invaded Delhi?
a) British East India Company
b) Portuguese Empire
c) Dutch East India Company
d) French East India Company
Answer: a) British East India Company

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What was the cause of Alamgir II’s death?
a) Assassination
b) Natural causes
c) Illness
d) Battle injuries
Answer: a) Assassination

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Who was responsible for the assassination of Alamgir II?
a) His son Shah Jahan III
b) His brother Shah Alam II
c) His vizier Ghazi-ud-Din Imad-ul-Mulk
d) British East India Company agents
Answer: d) British East India Company agents

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Which city did Alamgir II make his capital?
a) Agra
b) Delhi
c) Lahore
d) Hyderabad
Answer: b) Delhi

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What was Alamgir II’s real name?
a) Aziz-ud-Din
b) Muhi-ud-Din
c) Muhammad Shah Rangila
d) Aurangzeb Alamgir
Answer: a) Aziz-ud-Din

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Which emperor succeeded Alamgir II?
a) Bahadur Shah II
b) Shah Alam II
c) Ahmad Shah Bahadur
d) Muhammad Shah
Answer: b) Shah Alam II

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Which major rebellion occurred during Alamgir II’s reign?
a) Maratha uprising
b) Sikh revolt
c) Jat rebellion
d) Rajput rebellion
Answer: c) Jat rebellion

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Which Mughal emperor appointed Alamgir II as his successor?
a) Bahadur Shah I
b) Shah Jahan
c) Aurangzeb
d) Muhammad Shah
Answer: d) Muhammad Shah

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Who was Alamgir II’s chief minister and advisor?
a) Mir Jafar
b) Ghazi-ud-Din Imad-ul-Mulk
c) Siraj ud-Daulah
d) Raja Rajendra Nath
Answer: b) Ghazi-ud-Din Imad-ul-Mulk

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Which region of India faced frequent Maratha raids during Alamgir II’s reign?
a) Bengal
b) Punjab
c) Deccan
d) Rajasthan
Answer: c) Deccan

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Alamgir II was known for his patronage of which form of art?
a) Miniature painting
b) Sculpture
c) Architecture
d) Music
Answer: a) Miniature painting

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Which Afghan ruler posed a threat to Alamgir II’s empire?
a) Ahmad Shah Durrani
b) Sher Ali Khan
c) Dost Mohammad Khan
d) Mahmud Shah Durrani
Answer: a) Ahmad Shah Durrani

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During Alamgir II’s reign, which European power established a trading post in Calcutta?
a) British East India Company
b) Dutch East India Company
c) Portuguese Empire
d) French East India Company
Answer: a) British East India Company

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Who was Alamgir II’s wife?
a) Mumtaz Mahal
b) Roshanara Begum
c) Zinat-un-Nissa
d) Nadira Banu Begum
Answer: d) Nadira Banu Begum

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Which event in Delhi led to Alamgir II’s capture by the British?
a) Siege of Delhi
b) Battle of Buxar
c) Battle of Plassey
d) Battle of Wandiwash
Answer: a) Siege of Delhi

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What was the primary religion of Alamgir II?
a) Hinduism
b) Buddhism
c) Islam
d) Sikhism
Answer: c) Islam

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Which Mughal emperor preceded Alamgir II?
a) Aurangzeb
b) Bahadur Shah I
c) Muhammad Shah
d) Farrukhsiyar
Answer: c) Muhammad Shah

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When did Shah Alam II ascend to the throne as the Mughal emperor?
a) 1658
b) 1707
c) 1759
d) 1806
Answer: c) 1759

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Who was the father of Shah Alam II?
a) Aurangzeb
b) Bahadur Shah I
c) Shah Jahan
d) Muhammad Shah
Answer: b) Bahadur Shah I

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Shah Alam II was known for his struggles against which foreign power?
a) British East India Company
b) Portuguese Empire
c) Dutch East India Company
d) French East India Company
Answer: a) British East India Company

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Which battle marked a significant defeat for Shah Alam II and resulted in his capture by the British?
a) Battle of Buxar
b) Battle of Plassey
c) Battle of Haldighati
d) Battle of Panipat
Answer: a) Battle of Buxar

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During Shah Alam II’s reign, the Mughal Empire faced a decline in its power and influence due to the rise of which regional powers?
a) Maratha Empire and Sikh Empire
b) Vijayanagara Empire and Rajput Kingdoms
c) Ottoman Empire and Safavid Empire
d) Mongol Empire and Timurid Empire
Answer: a) Maratha Empire and Sikh Empire

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Who was the British governor-general during Shah Alam II’s reign?
a) Robert Clive
b) Warren Hastings
c) Lord Cornwallis
d) Lord Wellesley
Answer: b) Warren Hastings

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Under the Treaty of Allahabad in 1765, Shah Alam II granted diwani rights over Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa to which British entity?
a) British East India Company
b) British South Africa Company
c) British North Borneo Company
d) British South India Company
Answer: a) British East India Company

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Which famous rebellion against the British rule took place during Shah Alam II’s reign?
a) Indian Rebellion of 1857
b) Sepoy Mutiny
c) Boxer Rebellion
d) Tebhaga movement
Answer: a) Indian Rebellion of 1857

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Where did Shah Alam II spend a significant part of his reign in captivity under the British?
a) Calcutta
b) Delhi
c) Lucknow
d) Allahabad
Answer: c) Lucknow

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When did Shah Alam II pass away?
a) 1765
b) 1806
c) 1857
d) 1901
Answer: b) 1806

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Shah Alam II was a patron of which prominent Urdu poet?
a) Mirza Ghalib
b) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
c) Allama Iqbal
d) Mir Taqi Mir
Answer: d) Mir Taqi Mir

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Which architectural marvel was built during Shah Alam II’s reign?
a) Red Fort, Delhi
b) Taj Mahal
c) Qutub Minar
d) Fatehpur Sikri
Answer: a) Red Fort, Delhi

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Shah Alam II was a descendant of which Mughal emperor?
a) Babur
b) Humayun
c) Akbar
d) Aurangzeb
Answer: c) Akbar

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Shah Alam II played a significant role in the formation of the Bengal Presidency under the British. True or False?
Answer: False

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Which uprising against the British rule did Shah Alam II support?
a) Indian National Army (INA) uprising
b) Khilafat Movement
c) Quit India Movement
d) Swadeshi Movement
Answer: b) Khilafat Movement

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Shah Alam II was known for his efforts to revive the declining Mughal administration and military. True or False?
Answer: True

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Who was the British general responsible for capturing Shah Alam II during the Battle of Buxar?
a) Robert Clive
b) Lord Cornwallis
c) Hector Munro
d) Charles Cornwallis
Answer: c) Hector Munro

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Which city did Shah Alam II establish as his new capital after Delhi was captured by the Marathas?
a) Agra
b) Lucknow
c) Allahabad
d) Jaipur
Answer: b) Lucknow

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Shah Alam II was the last Mughal emperor to wield significant political power. True or False?
Answer: True

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What was the title given to Shah Alam II by the British after the Treaty of Allahabad?
a) Emperor of India
b) King of Bengal
c) Nawab of Awadh
d) King of Delhi
Answer: a) Emperor of India

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Who was Ahmad Shah II?
a) The sixteenth Mughal emperor
b) The fifteenth Mughal emperor
c) The seventeenth Mughal emperor
d) The fourteenth Mughal emperor
Answer: a) The sixteenth Mughal emperor

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When did Ahmad Shah II rule as the Mughal emperor?
a) 1788-1816
b) 1658-1707
c) 1526-1530
d) 1707-1712
Answer: a) 1788-1816

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Ahmad Shah II was the successor of which Mughal emperor?
a) Bahadur Shah I
b) Shah Jahan
c) Aurangzeb
d) Alamgir II
Answer: d) Alamgir II

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What was the approximate duration of Ahmad Shah II’s reign?
a) 28 years
b) 12 years
c) 45 years
d) 4 years
Answer: b) 12 years

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign marked the decline of the Mughal Empire. Which empire emerged as the dominant power in India during this time?
a) Maratha Empire
b) British Empire
c) Ottoman Empire
d) Safavid Empire
Answer: b) British Empire

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Which historical event significantly weakened Ahmad Shah II’s authority and influence?
a) Battle of Plassey
b) Battle of Panipat
c) Battle of Buxar
d) Battle of Haldighati
Answer: a) Battle of Plassey

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Ahmad Shah II faced numerous challenges during his reign. Which of the following was one of the major challenges?
a) Revolts by regional governors
b) Mongol invasions
c) Economic prosperity
d) Religious tolerance
Answer: a) Revolts by regional governors

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Ahmad Shah II was known for his interest in which artistic field?
a) Poetry
b) Painting
c) Music
d) Sculpture
Answer: a) Poetry

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Which city served as the capital of the Mughal Empire during Ahmad Shah II’s reign?
a) Delhi
b) Agra
c) Lahore
d) Jaipur
Answer: a) Delhi

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign came to an end in 1816 when he was overthrown by whom?
a) British forces
b) Maratha forces
c) Afghan forces
d) Sikh forces
Answer: c) Afghan forces

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What was Ahmad Shah II’s full name?
a) Ahmad Shah II Alamgir
b) Ahmad Shah II Bahadur
c) Ahmad Shah II Zafar
d) Ahmad Shah II Aurangzeb
Answer: a) Ahmad Shah II Alamgir

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During Ahmad Shah II’s reign, which foreign power posed a significant threat to the Mughal Empire’s territories in northwest India?
a) Persian Empire
b) Portuguese Empire
c) Dutch Empire
d) French Empire
Answer: a) Persian Empire

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign witnessed the decline of the Mughal Empire due to various factors. Which of the following was NOT one of those factors?
a) Economic instability
b) Weak leadership
c) Internal rebellions
d) Technological advancements
Answer: d) Technological advancements

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Ahmad Shah II had a complex relationship with the British East India Company. Which of the following statements about this relationship is true?
a) Ahmad Shah II collaborated closely with the British East India Company to strengthen his empire.
b) Ahmad Shah II successfully expelled the British East India Company from Indian territories.
c) Ahmad Shah II’s inability to counter the British East India Company’s expansion led to the loss of Mughal authority.
d) Ahmad Shah II formed a military alliance with the British East India Company against the Marathas.
Answer: c) Ahmad Shah II’s inability to counter the British East India Company’s expansion led to the loss of Mughal authority.

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign is often associated with the decline of Mughal art and architecture. Which of the following factors contributed to this decline?
a) Lack of skilled artisans
b) Financial constraints
c) Political instability
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

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Which battle resulted in the death of Ahmad Shah II’s father, Alamgir II, leading to Ahmad Shah II’s ascension to the Mughal throne?
a) Battle of Buxar
b) Battle of Haldighati
c) Battle of Plassey
d) Battle of Kharda
Answer: c) Battle of Plassey

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Ahmad Shah II attempted to regain control over Mughal territories by seeking support from which foreign power?
a) French Empire
b) Ottoman Empire
c) Safavid Empire
d) Russian Empire
Answer: a) French Empire

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign witnessed a significant decline in the Mughal Empire’s revenue and economic stability. Which of the following factors contributed to this decline?
a) Excessive taxation
b) Inefficient administration
c) Decline in trade and commerce
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

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Ahmad Shah II’s reign marked the end of the Mughal Empire’s political dominance in India. Which empire emerged as the primary political power after the decline of the Mughals?
a) Maratha Empire
b) Ottoman Empire
c) Vijayanagara Empire
d) Sikh Empire
Answer: a) Maratha Empire

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How did Ahmad Shah II die?
a) Assassination
b) Natural causes
c) In battle against the Marathas
d) Executed by the British
Answer: b) Natural causes

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What was the birth name of Akbar Shah II?
a) Mirza Akbar
b) Mirza Ibrahim
c) Mirza Muhammad
d) Mirza Ahmad
Answer: a) Mirza Akbar

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Which number Mughal emperor was Akbar Shah II?
a) 15th
b) 16th
c) 17th
d) 18th
Answer: c) 17th

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When did Akbar Shah II ascend the throne?
a) 1788
b) 1806
c) 1827
d) 1837
Answer: b) 1806

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Who was the father of Akbar Shah II?
a) Shah Alam II
b) Bahadur Shah I
c) Shah Jahan II
d) Jahandar Shah
Answer: b) Bahadur Shah I

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During Akbar Shah II’s reign, which European power established its control over India?
a) British East India Company
b) Portuguese Empire
c) Dutch East India Company
d) French East India Company
Answer: a) British East India Company

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Which city served as the capital during Akbar Shah II’s reign?
a) Delhi
b) Agra
c) Lahore
d) Lucknow
Answer: a) Delhi

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What was the name of the rebellion that posed a significant challenge to Akbar Shah II’s rule?
a) Sepoy Mutiny
b) Battle of Plassey
c) Indian Rebellion of 1857
d) First Anglo-Sikh War
Answer: c) Indian Rebellion of 1857

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Which famous Urdu poet was patronized by Akbar Shah II?
a) Mirza Ghalib
b) Mir Taqi Mir
c) Faiz Ahmed Faiz
d) Allama Iqbal
Answer: a) Mirza Ghalib

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How long did Akbar Shah II’s reign last?
a) 20 years
b) 30 years
c) 40 years
d) 50 years
Answer: a) 20 years

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Who succeeded Akbar Shah II as the Mughal emperor?
a) Bahadur Shah II
b) Aurangzeb
c) Shah Jahan II
d) Alamgir II
Answer: a) Bahadur Shah II

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Akbar Shah II was known for his patronage of which art form?
a) Miniature painting
b) Sculpture
c) Calligraphy
d) Architecture
Answer: a) Miniature painting

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Akbar Shah II was the last Mughal emperor to possess significant authority before the rise of British control. True or False?
Answer: True

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Which military leader posed a threat to Akbar Shah II’s rule and eventually took control of Delhi?
a) Nader Shah
b) Ahmad Shah Durrani
c) Tipu Sultan
d) Mahadaji Scindia
Answer: d) Mahadaji Scindia

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Akbar Shah II was known for his interest in which religious and philosophical movement?
a) Sikhism
b) Sufism
c) Jainism
d) Buddhism
Answer: b) Sufism

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What was the name of Akbar Shah II’s wife who exerted significant influence during his reign?
a) Mumtaz Mahal
b) Jahanara Begum
c) Mah Laqa Bai
d) Lal Kunwar
Answer: d) Lal Kunwar

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Akbar Shah II’s reign witnessed a decline in the power and influence of the Mughal Empire. True or False?
Answer: True

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Which battle resulted in the defeat of Akbar Shah II’s forces and the annexation of Punjab by the British?
a) Battle of Plassey
b) Battle of Buxar
c) Battle of Panipat
d) First Anglo-Sikh War
Answer: d) First Anglo-Sikh War

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Akbar Shah II is credited with the establishment of which cultural institution in Delhi?
a) Red Fort
b) Humayun’s Tomb
c) Jama Masjid
d) Qutub Minar
Answer: c) Jama Masjid

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Which literary work was composed by Akbar Shah II?
a) Diwan-e-Ghalib
b) Tuzk-e-Jahangiri
c) Akbarnama
d) Shahnama
Answer: a) Diwan-e-Ghalib

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Akbar Shah II was a proponent of religious tolerance and harmony. True or False?
Answer: True

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Who was Masud IV?
a) A famous scientist
b) A renowned artist
c) A historical figure
d) None of the above
Answer: c) A historical figure

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Which country was Masud IV associated with?
a) England
b) Egypt
c) France
d) Afghanistan
Answer: d) Afghanistan

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When did Masud IV reign as the king of Afghanistan?
a) 19th century
b) 20th century
c) 21st century
d) None of the above
Answer: b) 20th century

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What was Masud IV’s full title?
a) King of Afghanistan and Defender of the Faith
b) Emperor of Afghanistan and Protector of the Realm
c) Supreme Leader of Afghanistan and Commander of the Faithful
d) President of Afghanistan and Chief Executive Officer
Answer: a) King of Afghanistan and Defender of the Faith

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Which dynasty did Masud IV belong to?
a) Timurid dynasty
b) Ghaznavid dynasty
c) Hotak dynasty
d) Durrani dynasty
Answer: d) Durrani dynasty

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What significant event took place during Masud IV’s reign?
a) The Great Afghan War
b) The Afghan Civil War
c) The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
d) The Afghan Independence Movement
Answer: c) The Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

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How did Masud IV’s reign come to an end?
a) Assassination
b) Abdication
c) Natural death
d) Overthrown in a coup
Answer: a) Assassination

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Who succeeded Masud IV as the ruler of Afghanistan?
a) Ashraf Ghani
b) Hamid Karzai
c) Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
d) Mohammed Zahir Shah
Answer: d) Mohammed Zahir Shah

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What was the birth name of Masud IV?
a) Mirwais Hotak
b) Ahmad Shah Durrani
c) Mohammad Zahir Shah
d) Mohammed Nadir Shah
Answer: c) Mohammad Zahir Shah

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Which year did Masud IV ascend to the throne of Afghanistan?
a) 1919
b) 1933
c) 1978
d) 2001
Answer: c) 1978

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During his reign, Masud IV implemented several reforms. Which of the following was NOT one of his reforms?
a) Land redistribution to farmers
b) Women’s education initiatives
c) Infrastructure development projects
d) Introduction of a constitutional monarchy
Answer: d) Introduction of a constitutional monarchy

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Masud IV’s reign was marked by political instability. Which external force contributed to this instability?
a) British Empire
b) Ottoman Empire
c) Soviet Union
d) United States
Answer: c) Soviet Union

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Masud IV played a crucial role in resisting the Soviet invasion. What organization did he lead to fight against the Soviet forces?
a) Taliban
b) Mujahideen
c) Al-Qaeda
d) ISIS
Answer: b) Mujahideen

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What was the nickname given to Masud IV due to his bravery and leadership during the resistance against the Soviet invasion?
a) Lion of Panjshir
b) Eagle of Kabul
c) Tiger of Kandahar
d) Falcon of Herat
Answer: a) Lion of Panjshir

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How did Masud IV’s reign come to an end?
a) Overthrown by a military coup
b) Peaceful transfer of power
c) Forced exile
d) Assassinated by a Taliban suicide bomber
Answer: d) Assassinated by a Taliban suicide bomber

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Masud IV is considered a national hero in Afghanistan. Which day is dedicated to honoring his legacy?
a) Independence Day
b) Victory Day
c) Martyrs’ Day
d) Masud IV Day
Answer: c) Martyrs’ Day

Who was Mahmud Shah Tughlaq?
a) The founder of the Tughlaq dynasty
b) The last ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty
c) A prominent general during the Tughlaq dynasty
d) A renowned poet during the Tughlaq era
Answer: b) The last ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty

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When did Mahmud Shah Tughlaq rule?
a) 1351-1388
b) 1397-1413
c) 1430-1451
d) 1489-1514
Answer: b) 1397-1413

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What was Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s capital city?
a) Delhi
b) Agra
c) Lahore
d) Jaunpur
Answer: a) Delhi

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How did Mahmud Shah Tughlaq come to power?
a) He overthrew his predecessor in a military coup.
b) He was chosen as the successor by his father.
c) He won a popular uprising against the ruling dynasty.
d) He married into the ruling family and gained power.
Answer: a) He overthrew his predecessor in a military coup.

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What was Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s notable achievement as a ruler?
a) He successfully repelled multiple Mongol invasions.
b) He implemented progressive reforms in taxation and administration.
c) He promoted art and culture, particularly in poetry and architecture.
d) He expanded the Tughlaq dynasty’s territory through military conquests.
Answer: c) He promoted art and culture, particularly in poetry and architecture.

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Who was Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s most famous court poet?
a) Mirza Ghalib
b) Amir Khusrau
c) Kabir Das
d) Mir Taqi Mir
Answer: b) Amir Khusrau

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What led to the decline of Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s rule?
a) Economic mismanagement and widespread corruption
b) Constant external invasions and internal rebellions
c) A devastating famine that led to widespread unrest
d) Incompetent administration and weak military leadership
Answer: b) Constant external invasions and internal rebellions

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Who succeeded Mahmud Shah Tughlaq as the ruler of the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Ibrahim Lodi
b) Sikandar Lodi
c) Bahlul Lodi
d) Ibrahim Lodhi
Answer: c) Bahlul Lodi

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How did Mahmud Shah Tughlaq die?
a) Assassination by a rival faction
b) Natural causes
c) In battle against a rival kingdom
d) Execution by his own army
Answer: b) Natural causes

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What impact did Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s rule have on the Delhi Sultanate?
a) It marked the beginning of a period of political stability.
b) It accelerated the decline and disintegration of the Sultanate.
c) It established a powerful central authority in the region.
d) It led to significant economic growth and prosperity.
Answer: b) It accelerated the decline and disintegration of the Sultanate.

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During Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s rule, which kingdom posed a significant threat to the Delhi Sultanate?
a) Vijayanagara Empire
b) Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt
c) Kingdom of Bengal
d) Kingdom of Marwar
Answer: a) Vijayanagara Empire

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Which famous Sufi saint was patronized by Mahmud Shah Tughlaq?
a) Nizamuddin Auliya
b) Rumi
c) Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
d) Chishti Baba
Answer: a) Nizamuddin Auliya

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Mahmud Shah Tughlaq was known for his interest in which artistic form?
a) Miniature painting
b) Calligraphy
c) Sculpture
d) Music
Answer: d) Music

---

Which region of India experienced a rebellion against Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s rule?
a) Gujarat
b) Punjab
c) Bihar
d) Bengal
Answer: d) Bengal

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Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s reign saw the rise of which architectural style?
a) Indo-Islamic architecture
b) Dravidian architecture
c) Mughal architecture
d) Rajput architecture
Answer: a) Indo-Islamic architecture

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Which ruler challenged Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s authority and declared independence?
a) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
b) Muhammad bin Tughluq
c) Bahman Shah
d) Alauddin Khilji
Answer: c) Bahman Shah

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Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s reign witnessed a decline in the power and influence of which noble family?
a) Khilji dynasty
b) Sayyid dynasty
c) Lodhi dynasty
d) Tughlaq dynasty
Answer: d) Tughlaq dynasty

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Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s rule coincided with the emergence of which regional kingdom in South India?
a) Chola Empire
b) Rashtrakuta Empire
c) Hoysala Empire
d) Bahmani Sultanate
Answer: d) Bahmani Sultanate

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Which famous historical text was completed during Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s reign?
a) Tuzk-e-Babri
b) Akbarnama
c) Ain-i-Akbari
d) Tabaqat-i-Nasiri
Answer: d) Tabaqat-i-Nasiri

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Mahmud Shah Tughlaq’s reign marked the end of which major Islamic dynasty in India?
a) Khilji dynasty
b) Ghurid dynasty
c) Mughal dynasty
d) Tughlaq dynasty
Answer: d) Tughlaq dynasty

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What was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) A pact signed between India and Britain for independence
b) A pact signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin for political reforms
c) A pact signed between India and Pakistan for partition
d) A pact signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Winston Churchill for civil rights
Answer: b) A pact signed between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin for political reforms

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When was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed?
a) 1919
b) 1930
c) 1942
d) 1947
Answer: b) 1930

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What was the main objective of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Complete independence for India
b) Limited self-government for India
c) Partition of India
d) Repeal of discriminatory laws against Indians
Answer: d) Repeal of discriminatory laws against Indians

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Which British Viceroy signed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Irwin
d) Lord Wavell
Answer: c) Lord Irwin

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What major event followed the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) The Quit India Movement
b) The Salt March
c) The Round Table Conferences
d) The Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer: d) The Civil Disobedience Movement

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What did Mahatma Gandhi agree to do in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) End the Civil Disobedience Movement
b) Boycott British goods
c) Demand complete independence
d) Start the Salt March
Answer: a) End the Civil Disobedience Movement

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What did the British government agree to do in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Grant complete independence
b) Release all political prisoners
c) Partition India
d) Implement political reforms
Answer: b) Release all political prisoners

---

Which city hosted the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) New Delhi
b) Mumbai
c) Lahore
d) Kolkata
Answer: a) New Delhi

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How did the Gandhi-Irwin Pact impact the Indian independence movement?
a) It led to immediate independence for India
b) It weakened the movement’s momentum
c) It strengthened the movement’s demands
d) It resulted in a violent uprising
Answer: b) It weakened the movement’s momentum

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Who represented the British government in the negotiations for the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Winston Churchill
c) Lord Irwin
d) Ramsay MacDonald
Answer: d) Ramsay MacDonald

---

Which of the following Indian political organizations supported the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Indian National Congress
b) Muslim League
c) All India Forward Bloc
d) Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
Answer: a) Indian National Congress

---

What was the significance of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) It marked the beginning of armed resistance against the British rule
b) It resulted in the formation of a separate Muslim state
c) It paved the way for negotiations between Indian leaders and the British government
d) It led to the withdrawal of British troops from India
Answer: c) It paved the way for negotiations between Indian leaders and the British government

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How long did the Gandhi-Irwin Pact remain in effect?
a) One year
b) Five years
c) Ten years
d) It was never implemented
Answer: a) One year

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What was the role of the Viceroy’s Executive Council in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) They were tasked with drafting a new constitution for India
b) They represented the Indian National Congress in negotiations with the British government
c) They were responsible for implementing the political reforms agreed upon in the pact
d) They boycotted the signing of the pact
Answer: c) They were responsible for implementing the political reforms agreed upon in the pact

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Which of the following demands made by Mahatma Gandhi was not addressed in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Complete independence for India
b) Release of political prisoners
c) Repeal of the salt tax
d) Granting of civil liberties
Answer: a) Complete independence for India

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Who played a crucial role in facilitating the negotiations for the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
c) Sarojini Naidu
d) Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: c) Sarojini Naidu

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What led to the breakdown of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Renewed protests and civil disobedience by Indians
b) The outbreak of World War II
c) The assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
d) British government’s refusal to implement the agreed-upon reforms
Answer: a) Renewed protests and civil disobedience by Indians

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Which of the following reforms was implemented as part of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Introduction of separate electorates
b) Creation of a representative assembly
c) Abolition of the caste system
d) Division of India into provinces
Answer: b) Creation of a representative assembly

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What was the response of some Indian leaders and factions to the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) They criticized the pact as a sellout and betrayal of the independence movement
b) They organized large-scale celebrations and support rallies
c) They called for a boycott of British goods and services
d) They formed a united front against the British government
Answer: a) They criticized the pact as a sellout and betrayal of the independence movement

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Who was appointed as the mediator between Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin during the negotiations for the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
c) Rajendra Prasad
d) Tej Bahadur Sapru
Answer: d) Tej Bahadur

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